Vocabulary: Fraud & Identity Theft

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The Vocabulary:

Account Takeover – When someone gains control of your existing account (like email or banking) to steal money or data

Active Duty Alert – A 1-year fraud alert designed for military members serving away from home; can be renewed while deployed

Credential Stuffing – Using stolen usernames and passwords from one site to try and access accounts on other sites

Credit Freeze – Lock placed on your credit file so new accounts can’t be opened until you lift the freeze

Data Breech – When sensitive personal information is exposed due to a security failure

Extended Fraud Alert – A 7- year fraud alert available to confirmed victims of identity theft; requires a police report or FTC report

Fraud Alert – Free notice on credit reports that tells lenders to double-check your identity before approving new accounts

Identity Monitoring – A service that checks if your personal data is being misused or sold online

Imposter Scam – When someone pretends to be a trusted person or company to trick you into sending money or info

Initial Fraud Alert – A 1-year alert you can place if you think your information may be at risk, such as after a data breech

Passkey – A modern login method that replaces passwords with encrypted credentials tied to your device or biometrics

Password Manager – A tool that creates and stores strong, unique passwords for each account

Phishing – Fraudulent messages or links that trick you into sharing personal information

QR Code Scam – A fake QR code placed in public to trick people into visiting malicious websites or giving up information

SIM Swap Scam – When a scammer tricks your phone provider into switching your number to a new SIM card they control

Social Engineering – Manipulating people into revealing sensitive information through persuasion or trickery

Synthetic Identity Theft – Using a mix of real and fake information to create a new, false identity for financial gain

Tokenization – A security process that replaces sensitive info (like credit card numbers) with a useless placeholder